حاول البحث الحالي الإجابة عن الأسئلة التالية :

1-   ما فعالية استخدام التعلم الذاتي القائم على النظم الخبيرة الكمبيوترية في تدريس الجغرافيا على التحصيل المعرفي لدى طالبات الصف الأول الثانوي ؟

2-   ما فعالية استخدام التعلم الذاتي القائم على النظم الخبيرة الكمبيوترية في تدريس الجغرافيا على تنمية التفكير الناقد  لدى طالبات الصف الأول الثانوي ؟

3-   ما فعالية استخدام التعلم الذاتي القائم على النظم الخبيرة الكمبيوترية في تدريس الجغرافيا على تنمية بعض القيم الاقتصادية لدى طالبات الصف الأول الثانوي ؟

فروض البحث :

حاول البحث الحالي اختبار صحة الفروض التالية :

1-    لا يوجد فرق دال إحصائياً عند مستوي (0.5) بين متوسطات درجات الطالبات مجموعة البحث قبل دراسة الباب الثاني "الإنسان وقضايا البيئة" باستخدام التعلم الذاتي القائم علي النظم الخبيرة الكمبيوترية وبعده في التطبيق القبلي والبعدي لاختبار التحصيل المعرفي .

2-    لا يوجد فرق دال إحصائياً عند مستوي (0.5) بين متوسطات درجات الطالبات مجموعة البحث قبل دراسة الباب الثاني "الإنسان وقضايا البيئة" باستخدام التعلم الذاتي القائم علي النظم الخبيرة الكمبيوترية وبعده في التطبيق القبلي والبعدي لاختبار التفكير الناقد .

3-    لا يوجد فرق دال إحصائياً عند مستوي (0.5) بين متوسطات درجات الطالبات مجموعة البحث قبل دراسة الباب الثاني "الإنسان وقضايا البيئة" باستخدام التعلم الذاتي القائم علي النظم الخبيرة الكمبيوترية وبعده في التطبيق القبلي والبعدي لاختبار مواقف القيم الاقتصادية .

أهداف البحث :

تحددت أهدف البحث الحالي فيما يلي :

1-    رفع مستوى التحصيل المعرفي لدى طالبات الصف الأول الثانوي .

2-    تنمية التفكير الناقد لدى طالبات الصف الأول الثانوي .

3-    تنمية بعض القيم الاقتصادية لدى طالبات الصف الأول الثانوي .

أهمية البحث :

تتضح أهمية هذا البحث في أنه :

1 – قد يُفيد القائمين على تخطيط مناهج الجغرافيا في ضوء النظم الخبيرة الكمبيوترية, بما يساعد على تحقيق أهداف تدريس هذه المادة .

2 – قد يُفيد معلمي الجغرافيا في إعداد وتنفيذ الدروس وفقاً للتعلم الذاتي القائم على النظم الخبيرة الكمبيوترية .

3- قد يُفيد معلمي الجغرافيا في التركيز علي تنمية الجانب الوجداني لدي الطلاب أثناء تنفيذ دروس مادتهم, وخاصة القيم الاقتصادية واتجاه الطلاب نحو التواصل والتعلم الالكتروني .

Abstract

Title :

 The Effectiveness of Using the Self-Learning Based on Computer Expert Systems in Teaching Geography on Cognitive Achievement, Developing Critical Thinking and Economical Values  for the  first Year Secondary Students.

Advisors :Prof. Dr. Badria Mohammed Mohammed Hassanin .

Prof. Dr. Mostafa Zayed Mohammed Zayed .

Prof. Assist. Dr. Emam Mohammed Ali El-Boraie

Institute : Faculty of Education, Sohag University.         Date : 2010-1431.‏

Problem of the research :

The problems of the Current Research Lies in the Decrease in the Levels of Cognitive Achievement, Inability of Critical Thinking and Economical Values with students, Accordingly, there was a need to conduct a study in this field to indicate the ability of Self-Learning Based on Computer Expert Systems in Teaching Geography in secondary school, and its Effectiveness on Cognitive Achievement, Developing Critical Thinking and Economical Values.

Methods & Procedures :

This Research used the quasi-experimental Methods with one experimental group and his pre-post test of Cognitive Achievement, Critical Thinking and Economical Values .

Tools & Educational materials :

1-     Prepared  Program  According to Computer Expert Systems .

2-     A student’s book, Teacher’s guide for user .

3-     A cognitive Achievement test .

4-     A critical Thinking test .

5-     A situations test of Economical Values.

Findings :

 The present study has come up with the following findings :

1-     There was a statistically significant difference (p>0.05)between the mean scores of the study subjects on the pre-testing and the post-testing of the Cognitive achievement test in favor of the post-testing .

2-     There was a statistically significant difference (p>0.05)between the mean scores of the study subjects on the pre-testing and the post-testing of the Critical Thinking test in favor of the post-testing .

3-     There was a statistically significant difference (p>0.05)between the mean scores of the study subjects on the pre-testing and the post-testing of the Situations test of Economical Values in favor of the post-testing .

4-     Using the Self-Learning Based on Computer Expert Systems in Teaching Geography is Effective  in Improvement the Levels of Cognitive Achievement, Development Critical Thinking and Economical Values for the  first Year Secondary Students .

The Problem and its Context:

The self-Learning based on computer expert systems is an obligatory necessity to developing the educational and instructional systems in regard to neoteric attitudes, because it deal individual differences through presenting data which to be learned with more than one strategy according to student’s level and ability by providing all he needs of instructional devices and activities, which may help to develop many instructional results.

The education is one of the fields of life aims at making use of modern science results to face the arrangement and educational problems and to prepare a citizen who has the ability to adapt with neoteric variable and deal with its problems and accomplishments, so the education worked on to use Intelligence Computer Assisted Instructional-ICAI (Intelligent Tutoring System).

If we consider teaching Geography in Egypt, we will find that it faces a heap of difficulties and problems which prevent the interaction between the learner and the subject, the teacher is the main source of knowledge and the leaner is unfavorable and this contradicts with modern educational attitudes and present age needs which seek active learner and reinforcing self-learning .

In addition, it hinders the improvement of the Levels of Cognitive Achievement, debility of student’s ability to exercise the Critical Thinking skills and Economical Values with students.

With contingents these differences and life-long learning furthermore, (CAL) has many advantages which can play an important role in improving the Levels of Cognitive Achievement, developing Critical Thinking and Economical Values with students, Accordingly, there was a need to conduct a study in this field to indicate the ability of Self-Learning Based on Computer Expert Systems in Teaching Geography in secondary school, and its effect on Cognitive Achievement, Developing Critical Thinking and Economical Values for students .

Questions of the Research:

This research aims at answering the following questions:

1-     What is the Effectiveness of using Self-Learning Based on Computer Expert Systems in Teaching Geography on Cognitive Achievement for the first year of secondary stage students?

2-     What is the Effectiveness of using Self-Learning Based on Computer Expert Systems in Teaching Geography on Developing Critical Thinking for the first year of secondary stage students ?

3-     What is the Effectiveness of using Self-Learning Based on Computer Expert Systems in Teaching Geography on Developing Economical Values for the first year of secondary stage students?

Research Hypotheses:

The research tries to judge the following propositions:-

1-     There is not statistically significant difference(p>0.05) between the mean scores of the study subject (who studied the chosen chapter "The Human and Environmental Issues" using Self-Learning Based on Computer Expert Systems) on the pre-testing and the post-testing of the Cognitive achievement test .

2-     There is not statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the means scores of the study subject (who studied the chosen chapter "The Human and Environmental Issues" using Self-Learning Based on Computer Expert Systems) on the pre-testing and the post-testing of the Critical Thinking test .

3-     There is not statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the means scores of the study subject (who studied the chosen chapter "The Human and Environmental Issues" using Self-Learning Based on Computer Expert Systems) on the pre-testing and the post-testing of the Situations test of Economical Values .

Significance of the Research:

1-     This research may help educationalists who plan and design the geography curriculum to prepare programs  using Self-Learning Based on Computer Expert Systems, accordingly achieving the objectives of geography as a school subject i.e. Improvement  Cognitive achievement, developing Critical Thinking and Economical Values .

2-     This research may help teachers of geography in preparing and executing lessons by using Self-Learning Based on Computer Expert Systems.

3-     This research may aluminize important contemporary issues which develop Economical Values for students, which is regarded as one of the important instructional results.