Minufiya J. Agric. .Res., 33 (5): 1107-1125 (2008).

THE ABILITY OF SOME ANTAGONISTIC BACTERIA ON CONTROL OF PEANUT ROOT ROTS DISEASES COMPARED TO FUNGICIDES EFFICIENCY

Ibrahim, M. M., E.Y. Mahmoud, and Wagida A. M. Saleh

Plant Pathology Res. Ins., Agric. Res. Center, Giza., Egypt

ABSTRACT

Nineteen bacterial isolates obtained from known sources, soil, rhizosphere and peanut plants were evaluated in vitro, for their antagonistic effect against the pathogens causing peanut root rots. Only eight isolates B. subtilis (Bs1) P. fluorescens (Pf 5), (N.3), (N.5), (Sh.4), (Sh.5), (S.3) and (S.5) caused moderate to strong inhibition to the four tested pathogens (R. solani, S. rolfsii, F. solani and M. phaseolina).  Pseudomonase fluoressens (Pf 5) followed by Bacillus subtilis (Bs1) and Bacillus sp (S.5) caused the widest inhibition zone almost to tested pathogens. In greenhouse and field trials, the most effective isolates in reducing peanut root rots were P. fluorescens (Pf 5) followed by B. subtills (Bs1) and Bacillus sp (S.5). Regarding to peanut pod yield, the highest total peanut pod yield in the two seasons (2006 and 2007) was obtained with B. subtills (Bs1) followed by P. fluorescens and Bacillus sp (S.5). The obtained data clearly showed the ability of some tested bioaegents to be near to the fungicides efficiency (Rezolex-T) in reducing damping-off and peanut root rot diseases. In this respect, in greenhouse trial P. fluorescens (Pf 5) was the nearest one to fungicides efficiency in reducing peanut pre-emergence damping-off (87.5 %), while B. subtills (Bs1) gave 100 % of fungicides efficiency in reducing peanut post-emergence damping-off. P. fluorescens (Pf.), B. subtills (Bs1) and Bacillus sp (S.5) were the nearest to fungicides efficiency in reducing peanut root rot (83.33 %). While in field trials P. fluorescens (Pf 5.) was the nearest one to fungicides efficiency in reducing peanut pre- and post-emergence damping-off and peanut root rot followed by Bacillus sp (S.5) and B. subtills (Bs1) compared to other tested bioagents during two seasons 2006 and 2007.

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Keywords: Peanut, root rots, damping off, biological control, bioagents, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonase fluoressens, Rhizoctonia. solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, fungicides efficiency and peanut yield.