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Utilization nuclear technique in crop improvement of broad bean

Authors: M.A. AL-Hamdany, A.H. Kadhem and O.A. Sultan

Citation:  2002, Proc. 6th Conf. Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy in Arab world, Arab Faculty of Atomic Energy, Cairo, Egypt, 14-19/12/2002.

Abstract:

          Gamma rays and ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) were used on faba bean seeds to induced genetic variants. As a result of recultivation the same field for three consecutive seasons, an epidemic form of wilt disease occurred on M3 plants. Screening for wilt resistance resulted in selection numerous mutants having agronomic traits.  The final number of these mutants was 27. Tow mutants were chosen namely k762 which was characterized by having high protein percent in its seeds. This mutant was significantly surpassed the others in the productivity. The other mutant E 357 has a topless inflorescence which is suitable for mechanical harvesting. The other twenty-four mutants were evaluated for agronomic traits. Twenty mutants for middle part of Iraq and four mutants for the north part. Results of evaluation studies indicated that E167, E175, K514, K528, K547, K672, and K697 are promising mutants and could be developed to new broad bean cultivars in the future. The protein percentages in seeds of E167, E175 and K697 were 29.6, 29.0 and 30.3% respectively. Meanwhile, the four mutants for north part of Iraq, E14, K545, K599, and K610 had good yield potential (850-890 kg/Donum).

Key Words: Broad Bean, Faba bean, Induced Mutation