بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

International Management

Environmental Foundation

 

 

 

  International management

n      The process of applying management concepts and techniques in a multinational environment and adapting management practices to different economic, political, and cultural environments

n      Multinational corporations (MNCs)

n      Operations in more than one country

n      International sales,

n      Nationality mix of managers and owners

Top Ten Global MNCs . The Top 10 global MNCs Ranked by Market Value, Sales, Profits, and Share-Price Gain, 2003

Market Value : Billions of U.S. Dollars

1. General Electric         $328.11
2. Microsoft                      284.43
3. ExxonMobil                  283.61
4. Pfizer                             269.66
5. Wal-Mart Stores          241.19
6. Citigroup                       239.43
7. BP                                 193.05
8. Aig                                191.18
9. Intel                              184.66
10. Royal Dutch’ Shell       174.83

Sales : Billions of U.S. Dollars

1. Wal-Mart Stores        258.68
2. BP                               232.57
3. ExxonMobil                222.88
4. Royal Dutch/Shell      201.93
5. General Motors         183.24
6. DaimlerChrysler        166.61
7. Ford Motor                 164.20
8. Toyotal Motor            156.48
9. Mitsubishi                  137.32
10. General Electric         134.19

The Top 10 global MNCs . Ranked by Market Value, Sales, Profits, and Share-Price Gain, 2003

Profits : Billions of U.S. Dollars

1. ExxonMobil              20.96
2. Citigroup                    17.85
3. General Electric         15.00
4. HSBC Holdings          11.65
5. Royal Dutch/Shell      11.41
6. Bodafone Group         11.36
7. Bank of America        10.81
8. Toyota Motor             10.51
9. Microsoft                      9.99
10. BP                                 9.54  

Share-Price Gain

1. Mizuho Financial                   636%
2. Research in Motion              550
3. UFJ Holdings                        420
4. SK                                          383
5. Rakuten                                  381
6. Sumitomo Mitsui Fin.            331
7. Elan                                         311
8. Bharti Tele-Ventures 276
9. Yahoo! Japan                         241
10. Mitsui Trust Hldgs.               229

Globalization

n      Process of integration among countries around the world

n      Social

n      Political

n      Economic

n      Cultural

n      Technological

n      Benefits of growing global trade and investment

n      Wealth

n      Jobs

n      Technology

n      Lower prices

n      Criticisms of globalization

n      Offshoring of business services jobs to lower-wage countries

n      Growing trade deficits

n      Slow wage growth

n      Environmental and social impacts

Global and Regional Integration

n      World Trade Organization (WTO)

n      General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

n      Regional Agreements

n      North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

n      U.S.—Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA)

n      Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA)

n      European Union (EU)

n      Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

Trends in International Investment and Trade

n      International investments

n      80 percent from developed countries

n      Foreign direct investment (FDI)

n      Economic growth potential (esp. Japan, China and Asia in general)

n      Increase in international trade

n      Over one-half of world trade is accounted for by

n      United States

n      European Union

n      Japan

Foreign Direct Investment in the United States (in millions of dollars)

                                                                                      2002                 2003

 

All Countries                                                              1,340,011        1,268,001

Canada                                                                         96,437           105,255

Europe                                                                          982,062         1,000,532

(select countries)

            United Kingdom                                                218,175        230,374

            Germany                                                            139,620        148,774

            France                                                                141,400        143,341

South and Central America                                19,198        20,636

(select countries)

            Mexico                                                                  7,483          6,680

            Brazil                                                                         997            663

 

Foreign Direct Investment in the United States (in millions of dollars)

                                                                                          2002                2003

 

Other Western Hemisphere                                50,167            48,921

(select countries)

            Bermuda                                                                   8,088              5,914

            Netherland Antilles                                                   4,014             4,048

            UK islands, Caribbean                                             28,260          28,949

Africa                                                                                      2,298          2,187

Middle East                                                                              7,456          7,931

(select countries)

            Israel                                                                            3,699          3,834

            Kuwait                                                                               986          1,155

 

Foreign Direct Investment in the United States (in millions of dollars)

                                                                                                2002                 2003

Asia and Pacific                                                                    183,392             192,539

(select countries)

            Japan                                                                          150,499           159,258

            Australia                                                                       23,136             24,652

            Taiwan                                                                           2,569                2,708

            Singapore                                                                           650                   162

            Hong Kong                                                                        1,879              1,981

 

Foreign Direct Investment by the United States Abroad (in millions of dollars)

                                                                                                     2002             2003

 

All countries                                                                           1,601,414        1,788,911

Canada                                                                                      170,169           192,409

Europe                                                                                       848,599           963,087

(select countries)

            United Kingdom                                                              239,219         272,640

            Germany                                                                            67,404           80,163

            France                                                                                42,999           47,914

South and Central America                                            131,973         141,449

(select countries)

            Mexico                                                                                55,724          61,526

            Brazil                                                                                     27,615        29,915

 

Foreign Direct Investment in the United States (in millions of dollars)

                                                                                                           2002          2003

 

Other Western Hemisphere                                              152,597      162,574

(select countries)

            Bermuda                                                                                80,048        84,609

            UK islands, Caribbean                                                          49,806        54,507

Africa                                                                                                16,290       18,960

Middle East                                                                                       14,671       16,942

(select countries)

            Israel                                                                                      5,632         6,208

            Saudi Arabia                                                                            3,823         4,217

Foreign Direct Investment in the United States (in millions of dollars)

                                                                                                             2002           2003

 

Asia and Pacific                                                                                 267,125        292,490

(selected countries)

Japan                                                                                                  65,939             73,435

            Australia                                                                                 34,409             40,985

            Taiwan                                                                                      7,608             10,961

            Singapore                                                                               52,449             57,589

        &n