Fish, Seaweed, Shrimp, Prawn and Oyster Farming and Aquaculture
By
Dr. J.A. Jawalikar
Preface:-
Fish farming is the principal form of aquaculture, while other methods may fall under mariculture. Fish farming involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food, a facility that releases juvenile fish into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species natural numbers is generally referred to as a fish hatchery. Worldwide, the most important fish species used in fish farming are carp, salmon, tilapia and catfish. There is an increasing demand for fish and fish protein, which has resulted in widespread over fishing in wild fisheries. Fish farming offers fish marketers another source. However, farming carnivorous, fish such as salmon, does not always reduce pressure on wild fisheries, since carnivorous farmed fish are usually fed fish meal and fish oil extracted from wild forge fish. The global returns for fish farming recorded by the FAO in 2008 totalled 33.8 million tonnes worth about $US 60 billion. Aquaculture, also known as aqua-farming is the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic plants. Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish. Broadly speaking, finfish and shellfish fisheries can be conceptualized as akin to hunting and gathering while aquaculture is akin to agriculture. Mariculture refers to aquaculture practiced in marine environments and in underwater habitats.
According to the FAO, aquaculture “is understood to mean the farming of aquatic organisms including fish, mollusks, crustaceans and aquatic plants. Farming implies some form of intervention in the rearing process to enhance production, such as regular stocking, feeding protection from predators, etc. farming also implies individual or corporate ownership of the stock being cultivated” The report output from global aquaculture operations would supply one half of the fish and shellfish that is directly consumed by humans; however, there are issues about the reliability of the report figures. Further, in current aquaculture practice, products from several pounds of wild fish are used to produce one pound of a piscivorous fish like salmon. Particular kinds of aquaculture include fish farming, shrimp farming, oyster farming, algaculture (such as seaweed farming) and the cultivation or ornamental fish. Particular methods include aquaponics and integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, both of which integrated fish farming and plant farming.
This book titled “Fish, Seaweed, Shrimp, Prawn and Oyster Farming and Aquaculture” provides orders with an introduction to fish farming. Focus lies on seaweed, shrimp,oyster and prawn farming. An introductory overview of fish hatchery and spawning bed is given. The focus lies on integrated multi-trophic techniques involved in aquaculture, mariculture, aquaponics and algaculture. Emphasis is there on aquaculture on aquaculture of salmon brine shrimp, catfish, cobia, coral, giant kelp and tilapia. Focus is also there on fish feed, fish market and broodstock. An overview of fish production, fish processing, fish stocking and fishery products is given. Efforts are made towards providing readers with a concluding overview of problems and prospects related with major global aquaculture typologies and practices.
Contents:-
- Fish Farming: focus on Seaweed, Shrimps, Oyster and Prawn Farming.
- Introductory Overview of Fish Hatchery and spawning Bed.
- Aquaculture, Mariculture, Aquaponics and Algaculture: Focus on Integrated Multi-Trophic Techniques.
- Aquaculture of Salmon, Brine Shrimp, Catfish, Cobia, Coral, Giant Kelphand Tilapia.
- Fish Feed, Fish Market and Broodstock: an Overview.
- Fish Production, Fish Processing, Fish Stocking and Fishery Products: an Overview.
- Major Global Aquaculture Typologies and Practices: Problems and Prospects.
- Case Studies in Aquaculture: Experiences from Alaska, Australia, Canada, Chile, China, and New Zealand.
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